Multicultural considerations
Working with culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) cx.
Knows the culture of the cx: Different groups have different views on
1. disability and tx
2. woman's role in society
3. familial authority
4. displays of respect and addressing different persons w/in group
5. what to disclose on personal & family hx
6. Stdzed testing
7. Indiv vs group achievement
8. how children should behave around adults
9. eye contact appropriateness
10. concept of time
11. express disapproval in varying ways
12. perception of personal space
13. how much small talk is sufficient b4 going into more serious matters
14. mistrust toward other (dominant or not) groups...
Ethnography - one method of becoming more culturally knowledgeable
Hx of client - in some cases getting a verbal report may be easier for EL cx as they may have difficulty reading/writing in English
Know what's "normal" in cx's language
Normal patterns of 2nd-Lang acquistion:
1. Interference or transfer: communic behaviors of 1st lang to 2nd.
2. Fossilization: 2nd-lang errors become ingrained even after speaker has achieved high level of 2-lang proficiency
3. Interlang: speaker devel a sort of personal ling system in the process of learning the 2nd lang
4. Silent period: time when EL is actively listening and learning but speaking little
5. Code-switching: EL unknowingly alternates bw languages
6. Lang loss: decline of EL's 1st lang
BICS (home/playground language) basic interpersonal communic skills
CALP (academic/classroom lang) cognitive academic language proficiency
Good assessment practice with CLD cx:
1. use culturally appropriate materials
2. test in cx dominant lang & English
3. Collect multiple S/L sampls
4. Use narrative assessment
5. Focus on cx's ability to learn rather than focusing on what cx already knows
6. be prepared to modify your assessment approach as you learn cx's abilities.
7. consult w/other professionals
8. Consult w/interpreter
9. Be sensitive when meeting w/cxs or caregivers in an interview situation
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